Lets run the first cop, Betterment/UnscopedFind against DocumentsController from above: $ rubocop app/controllers/documents_controller.rb Inspecting 1 file C Offenses: app/controllers/documents_controller.rb:3:17: C: Betterment/UnscopedFind: Records are being retrieved directly using user input. Junior Software Engineer Interview Questions - startup.jobs Airflowqueuesallow us to designate certain tasks to run on particular hardware (e.g. Isolating New Code with ActionPack Variants ActionPack variantsprovide an elegant solution to rolling out significant front end changes. If you had prior experience with these languages the problems are easy to solve. Addition information Since we introduced our internal Rails component code, a fantastic open-source project emerged,Komponent, as well as a really great and in-depth blog post on component systems in Rails fromEvil Martians. We quickly realized it was too much. Awesome, now that we have an app and a harness we can use to test it, how are the tests actually written? So, how do we choose where to spend our time? There are a number of subjects that need to be covered in order to ensure you are ready for back-to-back questions on algorithms, data structures, design, optimization and honestly just an ever . See your immediate impact on our company. Were building that at Betterment. We built our own internal framework for modeling mathematical programs that was not tied to our trading systems domain-specific business logic. As such, our technical interviews switched from whiteboards to computers. It is a read-write schema to which our colleagues have full privileges. I found coding super similar from a composition and structure perspective, which allowed me to tap into the creative side of coding. Additionally, weve included a continuous monitoring process that runs aggregate queries, tagged and grouped by queue and priority, and that emits similar notifications that become gauge metrics. Here's what our API looks like and how we use it to set up a fake HTTP client for our tests. When I started my engineering internship at Betterment, I barely knew anything about finance. It isnt that much of a stretch to claim that an engineers level of happiness does have some effect on the level of service theyre capable of providing a Betterment customer! We use Coach CLI driven yaml files to support metric or APM monitor types directly in the code base. Finally, to bolt this on to an IRL application, we need the ability to define fakes incrementally and migrate them into existing integrations that we have, one by one. Ive inquired about pay but its gotten nowhere. We then pivoted to investigating Flutters newer replacement for flutter_driver: integation_test. If our acceptance criteria change, because everything is written in code, adding a new job involves a simple code change and a few tests, and thats it. One path through this flow contains a screen for changing your name and byline, then it bounces out to picking and cropping a profile image, then allows you to choose a preset border to put on your profile picture. I didn't connect too well with one of the managers in the final round and saw the rejection coming. Weve also developed a partnership with Peoplism. These guidelines constituted our opted out experienceviews that would receive this lightweight reskin immediately but not the full rebrand treatment. For this example, well say were most interested in testing the profile information edit flows to start. By going down the path of integration testing, weve been able to increase confidence in everyday changes as well as map out a plan for eliminating our manual test cases. Now, a year later, Im working on a tool to check for money launderers and fraudsters. We had a few options: Rewrite the JavaScript in a way that makes it simpler and easier to use. The umbrella term observability covers all manner of subjects, from basic telemetry to logging, to making claims about longer-term performance in the shape of service level objectives (SLOs) and occasionally service level agreements (SLAs). Perhaps they can set goals around "Bug Tracker Inbox Zero" or "Failed Background Jobs Zero" within a certain time frame, a week or a month for example. We went with option 2. Some examples: html_safe: [1] pry(main)> include ActionView::Helpers::OutputSafetyHelper => Object [2] pry(main)> result = hi.html_safe => hi [3] pry(main)> result.class => ActiveSupport::SafeBuffer raw: [1] pry(main)> result = raw(hi) => hi [2] pry(main)> result.class => ActiveSupport::SafeBuffer safe_concat: [1] pry(main)> include ActionView::Helpers::TextHelper => Object [2] pry(main)> buffer1 = hi.html_safe => hi [3] pry(main)> result = buffer1.safe_concat(bye) => hibye [4] pry(main)> result.class => ActiveSupport::SafeBuffer safe_join: [1] pry(main)> include ActionView::Helpers::OutputSafetyHelper => Object [2] pry(main)> result = safe_join([hi, bye]) =>

hi

bye

[3] pry(main)> result.class => ActiveSupport::SafeBuffer => ActiveSupport::SafeBuffer Rubocop: weresafe! Now, I know that my money (well, the money I will hopefully have in the future) ideally should work hard for me instead of just sitting in a savings account. Get better unit or integration tests in place as soon as possible. We wanted to have a test harness that we could use to set up the app under test and the world that the app would run in, however we knew this configuration code would be mildly complicated and something that would be in flux. Seemed mostly focused on identifying your work style. While we encourage candidates to ask questions of everyone they meet, the AMA provides an opportunity to meet with a Betterment engineer who has zero input on whether or not to hire them. Similarly, the sum of the balances of every fund in his Roth IRA must remain at $5,500. It also gave me a good view on what's day to day work is like. Any improvements you've brought to your current team? Before diving head first into the code, we made it a priority to be cognizant of the engineering challenges we would face. This page is operated and maintained by Betterment Holdings Inc. and it is not associated with Betterment LLC or MTG LLC. This new pattern will make building out newer and even more sophisticated features easier, so we can focus on encapsulating the business logic once. To avoid this, youll probably want to implement catch-all exception handling in your shared library exposed functions that will catch any exceptions that occur and return some context about the error to the caller (minimally, a boolean indicator of success/failure). First, I needed to provide a translation of my own understanding of legal first names and preferred first names to our codebase. Joe isnt one to take huge risks, so he opted for a moderate asset allocation of 50% stocks and 50% bonds in both his Roth IRA and taxable accounts. We left this outside of application code so that teams can modify SLO target goals and details without having to redeploy the application itself. Sometimes, it's a good idea to think outside the box in order to strike the right balance of test coverage, confidence, and maintainability. Find a Great First Job to Jumpstart Your Career, Stand Out From the Crowd With the Perfect Cover Letter, How to Prepare for Your Interview and Land the Job. Standardize and educate A major part of our data warehouse build out was in clarifying definitions of business terms and key metrics present in our daily parlance. Our data workers retain their ability to run existing processes until we can transition them to a better way while the engineering team has successfully expelled business users out of an already busy production environment. I was also applying for another different apprenticeship program but throughout the transparent, straightforward interview process, the Betterment apprenticeship quickly became my first choice. If our SLOs dont align directly with business objectives and needs, they should align indirectly via tracking operational complexity and maturity. The most obvious alternative was a computer, but then many of our engineers expressed concerns with this method, having had bad experiences with computer-based interviews in the past. Rane Johnson - I met Rane at the Grace Hopper Celebration for Women in Computing in 2011, and then again when I interned at Microsoft in 2012. In that case, we would just need to define the secrets that have different values in a separate secrets file likedevintest.ymlbelow wheredevintestis the name of the ecosystem. About Betterment. Rolling your own cryptoisnt a great idea. Some javascript questions about scoping and how to build an app. Asking for someones name is simple, but full of assumptions. Versionable Code versioning frameworks, such as git, are now a staple in the workflow of most technical teams. Whats the best way to have a lack of compensation and incentive conversation in your department? You should follow GitLab's example and make Ruby a requirement if you're going to continue your practice of having an onsite where Ruby is the only allowed language. Regardless, given that it has the same problems that flutter_driver does, we decided not to pursue integration_test as our framework. Whats the best way to have a lack of compensation and incentive conversation in your department? And then youll probably want to expose a way for Ruby to instruct Julia to clean up that reference (i.e. Centralizing architectural decision-making would kill ownership and autonomy, and ensure your best people leave or never join in the first place. In order to help these engineers, we provided guidelines around where it was necessary to use a legal first name, but in general we pushed to use a customers preferred first name wherever possible. So, suffice it to say, at-least-once semantics are crucial in more ways than one, and not all ActiveJob backends provide them. Give a solid implementation of your solution rather than focusing on the testing/description. All crypto keys matchThere are checks to ensure the multi-region KMS key ARNs and backup PGP key fingerprint in the sops config file matches the intended security zones. You will need to be passingly familiar with the language they're using. Keeping our overhead low, while delivering top-of-the-line portfolio analysis and optimization is a key way we keep investment fees as low as possible. In addition, we knew that as our work on TCP progressed, we were going to need to iterate on our mathematical model. In this post, well explore that principle and dive into how we committed 5000 line configuration files to our repositories with confidence by standardizing CI for different runtimes, automating configuration generation in code, and testing the process that generates that configuration. This question can help the interviewer determine if you have the skills necessary to succeed in this role. The other separation we wanted to make was between the screen interactions and the tests themselves. Your answer should include a step-by-step process for designing a back-end system, including any tools or software you might use during the process. What to say when thingssucceed We didnt change the frequency of messaging for successwe got that right the first time around. We are so lucky to have you! On the other end of the spectrum there are no tests at all; YOLO, just ship-it. (Essentially, it means keeping our on-call engineers happy.) If we do this right, we will be able to swap everything to a normal Rails app with minimal effort. We store fake responses with a URI template, a status code, and a body. That code should take me from the raw data to the conclusions. This informs the user that the application should work with Face ID but may do so imperfectly. On the other hand, shared-nothing teams can lead to information silos, wheel-reinventing, and integration nightmares when an initiative is too big for a squad to deliver alone. Then, we need a route in our frontend for navigating to this page. For example, if you have 10 yoe, that may land you a senior role here with ~185k total liquid comp but 350k+ elsewhere at public, big tech companies Continue reading 11 people found this review helpful Helpful With our new Tax Coordination feature, were continuing the mission to help our customers portfolios become as tax efficient as possible. I did not get the offer but I would have declined as I was offered a position from two other companies. The first was our flutter/native boundary. From an engineering standpoint, the end goal was to integrate much of the original IRA calculators code, plus additional calculations, into Betterments Web application to create RetireGuide as a consumer-facing tool. NDA signed. End-to-end-ish tests using fake HTTP in Flutter We write tests in order to prove our features work as intended and we run those tests consistently to prove that our features don't stop working as intended. Perhaps it is time to dedicate a sprint or two to understanding whats causing degradation of service. You are viewing a web property located at Betterment.com. However, in more complex testing scenarios, this dependency wont be as obvious. In our case, via background jobs. Below is an example request spec. We think that our Web app will be just as pleasant to use, and we can more quickly enhance and build new features going forward. Betterment has also established a "debt day" where once every month or two, all developers take one day to pay down technical debt, including legacy code. The variables were solving for are put into a single list. This part will come off as if I'm full of myself, but my tech skills are fine. This makes the tests run faster, and removes the need for having any special tables that dont get cleaned out. Phone interview was a typical phone screening some personal questions to make sure your experience matches the role. Its a new era with a new scale of data, and its time to define new norms around management of and inferences from business data. Implementing the Rebrand without a Spaghetti of IF Statements Our rebranded experience would become the default at launch time, so another challenge we faced was maintaining two worlds without creating unneeded complexity. The most obvious alternative was a computer, but then many of our engineers expressed concerns with this method, having had bad experiences with computer-based interviews in the past. Unfortunately, our google-fu was bad and we didn't find anything until after we went and implemented something ourselves. The tools to get us there Lets dive into some tooling that the SRE team at Betterment has built to help Betterment engineers easily start to measure things. Build extra time into project estimates Legacy code can also be tricky when it comes to project estimates. Free interview details posted anonymously by Betterment interview candidates. safeconcathas the same functionality asrawandhtmlsafeit simply marks the content safe as is by returning it in aSafeBuffer. Continuous Delivery (CD) at scale is hard to get right. Thecoach.ymlfile allows our users to define certain characteristics of their CI flow that vary and require more domain knowledge about a specific project: like the level of test parallelism their application test suite requires, or the list of databases required for tests to run, or an attribute composed of a matrix of Ruby versions and Gemfiles to run the whole test suite against. The end result was a lot of small files that look a little like this: https://gist.github.com/agirlnamedsophia/4b4a11acbe5a78022ecba62cb99aa85a Every time we make a change to theCoach CLIcodebase we are confident that the thousands of lines of YAML that are idempotently generated as a result of thecoach update cicommand will work as expected because theyre already tested in isolation, in unit tests. Were far from perfect, but this is what were doing to embrace the International Womens Day charge and work toward better gender balance at Betterment and in our world. After that there was a first round interviews with 2 software engineers and 1 manager totaling about 2.5 hours. As a result, in addition to learning how well a candidate can write code, we learn how well they collaborate. Analysis, Model Building, Learning Youll probably only present one or two of the scores of models and variants you build and test. Have we violated our error budget every month for the past three months? More on shared examples in the section below. Combined together we call this aproject_type. This can make scheduling difficult, but in a city as competitive as New York is for engineering talent, weve found it valuable to get to the final offer stage as quickly as possible. Pact's docs encourage these human conversations, but as a tool it doesn't require them. On day one, we created a feature flag and started shipping rebranded code to production. Everyone was very open about what they thought about the company and about what their experience at the company was like. As demonstrated, Rails provides some methods that mark content as safe without escaping it for us. -> % coach create project --type ruby_app 'coach.yml' configuration file added -- update it based on your project's needs When you run that, the CLI creates the smallcoach.ymlconfiguration definition file discussed earlier. Its as if we optimized the engine for a car, and now we needed to test it on the race track with different weather conditions, tires, and drivers. We write tests in order to prove our features work as intended and we run those tests consistently to prove that our features don't stop working as intended. Most recently, Isis Wenger, a San Francisco-based platform engineer, sparked the #ILookLikeAnEngineer campaign, a Twitter initiative designed to combat gender inequality in tech. Microsoft question - Design an old style mobile phone and search for various names based on key press. We recently put some code into production that uses an optimizer to cut down on the amount of code were maintaining ourselves, and it turned out to be pretty darn cool. So even if your queue lives in an entirely separate datastore, it can be effectively coupled to your DB's IOPS and CPU limitations. To use a Seinfield analogy, the decisions we would make for Jerry had an effect on what the best decisions were for Elaine. And, yeah, its a fair question. One system spec that asserts the happy path will be sufficient for most features. It began with some verbal Q&A about how things like databases and the internet work, along with certain tradeoffs. They should generally give you confidence that a particular model will do exactly what you intended it to do across a range of possible circumstances. It relies on the dart:io HttpOverrides feature. In future posts I will be tempted to wax technical and provide more color on the choices weve made and why. We took advantage of the divmod method in Ruby to grab the integer quotient and remainder in one shot, like so: buckets.map do |bucket| (inflow * bucket).divmod(total_bucket_weight) end This gives us 12345631000/100000, 12345635000/100000, 12345620000 /100000 and 12345614000/100000. Any insights would be helpful. We might take a look at the metrics were using (the SLIs), the failures that chipped away at our target goal, and, if necessary, re-evaluate the relevancy of what were measuring. The content on this page is reflective of a specific point in time (as of the publication date). We focus on writing expressive, fast, and reliable solitary unit tests, some sociable integrated tests of related units, and some "end-to-end-ish" tests. Innovative problem solving. By default, running flutter testwill run your tests in the order theyre written within your test file. This can be accomplished by establishing a secure session on the server and running what you would normally run to get a console with the sopsorific run command. While possible to run in CI, it would be incredibly costly to run on each commit since the tests need to run on actual devices. Senior Executive - Software Engineer. 4.5 hr virutal onsite - three 45 min tech interviews with 15 - 30 min breaks. How is their IT department for roles like Director or VP? Their goal is to test you on your collaboration skills (as well as technical skill). Each project needs to be built, tested, and linted. That is, most apps rely on one (or sometimes a few) backend APIs, typically powered by HTTP. This type of bug is typically referred to as an Insecure Direct Object Reference vulnerability. For example,secreteditorsensitive_coachwhere coach is the name of the repository. Given requirements and interface, provide an implementation Julia ticks the box for this requirement as well by using ajust-in-time compilerthat accommodates both interactive and non-interactive workflows well. Consistency is key, said Jesse. Now that weve wrangled our CI process and encoded the best practices into a tool, were ready to tackle our Continuous Deployment pipeline. 2. The portfolio optimization project took longer than initially estimated. In practice, that might look something like this: Resulting in a function for which the fact that the underlying implementation is in Julia has been completely abstracted away: Challenges & Pitfalls Debugging an FFI integration can be challenging; any misconfiguration is likely to result in the dreadedsegmentation faultthe cause of which can be difficult to hunt down. Pair programming to solve design problems, discussing team, meeting with different members of the team (mostly other engineers, but also PMs, and a couple of VPs). Meanwhile, if our queue existed in a separate datastore, our enqueues will be completely unaware of the transaction, and wed run the risk of enqueuing a job that acts on data that was never committed, or (even worse) wed fail to enqueue a job even when the rest of the transactional data was committed. We found just a few hardware type queues to be effective. This is just one more example of where our quest for efficiencyand your happinesspaid off. All interviewers were very nice and easy to talk to, one of the better interview experiences while searching for an entry level role. It took eight hours a day of working on a personal finance product for me to notice that the iceberg was even there. New York City: $190,000 - $205,000.

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